为了分派工作和部署耶路撒冷的安全防卫措施,尼希米找着第一次上来之人的家谱, 登记当时耶路撒冷的居民。但由于尼希米没有记录以斯拉的第二次归回的名单(可能名单在以斯拉的手中),再加上从第一次归回(主前 538/537年),到现在主前 444年,已经隔了约 94年,我们实在不知道尼希米时代的总人数有多少。不过这不会影响我们查考以后的经文。
1。尼七:1 - 73 “1城墙修完,我安了门扇,守门的、歌唱的和利未人都已派定。2我就派我的弟兄哈拿尼(Hanani)和营楼的宰官哈拿尼雅(Hananiah)管理耶路撒冷。因为哈拿尼雅(Hananiah)是忠信的,又敬畏上帝过于众人。3我吩咐他们说:‘等到太阳上升,才可开耶路撒冷的城门;人尚看守的时候,就要关门上闩。也当派耶路撒冷的居民各按班次,看守自己房屋对面之处。’4城是广大,其中的民却稀少,房屋还没有建造。5我的上帝感动我心,招聚贵冑(nobles)、官长(rulers)和百姓,要照家谱计算。我找着第一次上来之人的家谱,其上写着:6巴比伦王尼布甲尼撒(Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon)从前掳去犹大省的人,现在他们的子孙从被掳到之地回耶路撒冷和犹大,各归本城。7他们是同着所罗巴伯(Zerubbabel)、耶书亚(Jeshua)、尼希米(Nehemiah)、亚撒利雅(Azariah)、拉米(Raamiah)、拿哈玛尼(Nahamani)、末底改(Mordecai)、必珊(Bilshan)、米斯毘列(Mispereth)、比革瓦伊(Bigvai)、尼宏(Nehum)、巴拿(Baanah)回来的。8以色列人民的数目记在下面:巴录 (Parosh)的子孙二千一百七十二名;9示法提雅(Shephatiah)的子孙三百七十二名;10亚拉(Arah)的子孙六百五十二名;11巴哈摩押(Pahath-moab)的后裔,就是耶书亚 (Jeshua)和约押(Joab)的子孙二千八百一十八名;12以拦(Elam)的子孙一千二百五十四名;13萨土(Zattu)的子孙八百四十五名;14萨改(Zaccai)的子孙七百六十名;15宾内 (Binnui)的子孙六百四十八名;16比拜(Bebai)的子孙六百二十八名;17押甲(Azgad)的子孙二千三百二十二名;18亚多尼干(Adonikam)的子孙六百六十七名;19比革瓦伊 (Bigvai)的子孙二千零六十七名;20亚丁(Adin)的子孙六百五十五名;21亚特(Ater)的后裔,就是希西家(Hezekiah)的子孙九十八名;22哈顺 (Hashum)的子孙三百二十八名;23比赛(Bezai)的子孙三百二十四名;24哈拉(Hariph)的子孙一百一十二名;25基遍人(Gibeon)九十五名;26伯利恒人 (Bethlehem)和尼陀法人(Netophah)共一百八十八名;27亚拿突人(Anathoth)一百二十八名;28伯亚斯玛弗人(Beth-azmaveth)四十二名;29基列耶琳人 (Kirjath-jearim)、基非拉人(Chephirah)、比录人(Beeroth)共七百四十三名;30拉玛人(Ramah)和迦巴人(Gaba)共六百二十一名;31默玛人 (Michmas)一百二十二名;32伯特利人(Bethel)和艾人(Ai)共一百二十三名;33别的尼波人(Nebo)五十二名;34别的以拦(Elam)子孙一千二百五十四名;35哈琳 (Harim)的子孙三百二十名;36耶利哥人(Jericho)三百四十五名;37罗德人(Lod)、哈第人(Hadid)、阿挪人(Ono)共七百二十一名;38西拿人 (Senaah)三千九百三十名。39祭司:耶书亚家(Jeshua),耶大雅(Jedaiah)的子孙九百七十三名;40音麦(Immer)的子孙一千零五十二名;41巴施户珥 (Pashur)的子孙一千二百四十七名;42哈琳(Harim)的子孙一千零一十七名。43利未人(Levites):何达威(Hodevah)的后裔,就是耶书亚(Jeshua)和甲篾(Kadmiel)的子孙七十四名。44歌唱的:亚萨 (Asaph)的子孙一百四十八名。45守门的:沙龙(Shallum)的子孙、亚特(Ater)的子孙、达们(Talmon)的子孙、亚谷(Akkub)的子孙、哈底大(Hatita)的子孙、朔拜(Shobai)的子孙共一百三十八名。46尼提宁 (Nethinims)(注:就是"殿役"):西哈(Ziha)的子孙、哈苏巴(Hashupha)的子孙、答巴俄(Tabbaoth)的子孙、47基绿(Keros)的子孙、西亚(Sia)的子孙、巴顿(Padon)的子孙、48利巴拿 (Lebana)的子孙、哈迦巴(Hagaba)的子孙、萨买(Shalmai)的子孙、49哈难(Hanan)的子孙、吉德(Giddel)的子孙、迦哈(Gahar)的子孙、50利亚雅(Reaiah)的子孙、利汛(Rezin)的子孙、尼哥大(Nekoda)的子孙、51迦散 (Gazzam)的子孙、乌撒(Uzza)的子孙、巴西亚(Phaseah)的子孙、52比赛(Besai)的子孙、米乌宁(Meunim)的子孙、尼普心(Nephishesim)的子孙、53巴卜(Bakbuk)的子孙、哈古巴(Hakupha)的子孙、哈忽(Harhur)的子孙、54巴洗律 (Bazlith)的子孙、米希大(Mehida)的子孙、哈沙(Harsha)的子孙、55巴柯(Barkos)的子孙、西西拉(Sisera)的子孙、答玛(Tamah)的子孙、56尼细亚(Neziah)的子孙、哈提法(Hatipha)的子孙。57所罗门(Solomon)仆人的后裔,就是琐太 (Sotai)的子孙、琐斐列(Sophereth)的子孙、比路大(Perida)的子孙、58雅拉(Jaala)的子孙、达昆(Darkon)的子孙、吉德(Giddel)的子孙、59示法提雅(Shephatiah)的子孙、哈替(Hattil)的子孙、玻黑列哈斯巴音 (Pochereth of Zebaim)的子孙、亚们(Amon)的子孙。60尼提宁(Nethinims)和所罗门仆人的后裔共三百九十二名。61从特米拉(Telmelah)、特哈萨(Telharesha)、基绿(Cherub)、亚顿(Addon)、音麦(Immer)上来的,不能指明他们的宗族谱系是以色列人不是。62他们是第莱雅 (Delaiah)的子孙、多比雅(Tobiah)的子孙、尼哥大(Nekoda)的子孙,共六百四十二名。63祭司中,哈巴雅(Habaiah)的子孙、哈哥斯(Koz)的子孙、巴西莱(Barzillai)的子孙,因为他们的先祖娶了基列人 (Gileadite)巴西莱 (Barzillai)的女儿为妻,所以起名叫巴西莱(Barzillai)。64这三家的人,在族谱之中寻查自己的谱系,却寻不着,因此算为不洁,不准供祭司的职任。65省长 (Tirshatha)对他们说:‘不可吃至圣的物,直到有用乌陵和土明决疑的祭司兴起来。’66会众共有四万二千三百六十名。67此外,还有他们的仆婢七千三百三十七名,又有歌唱的男女二百四十五名。68他们有马七百三十六匹,骡子二百四十五匹,69骆驼四百三十五只,驴六千七百二十匹。70有些族长为工程捐助。省长 (Tirshatha)捐入库中的金子一千达利克,碗五十个,祭司的礼服五百三十件。71又有族长(the chief of the fathers)捐入工程库的金子二万达利克,银子二千二百弥拿。72其余百姓所捐的金子二万达利克,银子二千弥拿,祭司的礼服六十七件。73于是,祭司、利未人、守门的、歌唱的、民中的一些人、尼提宁,并以色列众人,各住在自己的城里。”
KJV:1 Now it came to pass, when the wall was built, and I had set up the doors, and the porters and the singers and the Levites were appointed, 2 That I gave my brother Hanani, and Hananiah the ruler of the palace, charge over Jerusalem: for he was a faithful man, and feared God above many. 3 And I said unto them, Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot; and while they stand by, let them shut the doors, and bar them: and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, every one in his watch, and every one to be over against his house. 4 Now the city was large and great: but the people were few therein, and the houses were not builded. 5 And my God put into mine heart to gather together the nobles, and the rulers, and the people, that they might be reckoned by genealogy. And I found a register of the genealogy of them which came up at the first, and found written therein, 6 These are the children of the province, that went up out of the captivity, of those that had been carried away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had carried away, and came again to Jerusalem and to Judah, every one unto his city; 7 Who came with Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Nehemiah, Azariah, Raamiah, Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilshan, Mispereth, Bigvai, Nehum, Baanah. The number, I say, of the men of the people of Israel was this; 8 The children of Parosh, two thousand an hundred seventy and two. 9 The children of Shephatiah, three hundred seventy and two. 10 The children of Arah, six hundred fifty and two. 11 The children of Pahath-moab, of the children of Jeshua and Joab, two thousand and eight hundred and eighteen. 12 The children of Elam, a thousand two hundred fifty and four. 13 The children of Zattu, eight hundred forty and five. 14 The children of Zaccai, seven hundred and threescore. 15 The children of Binnui, six hundred forty and eight. 16 The children of Bebai, six hundred twenty and eight. 17 The children of Azgad, two thousand three hundred twenty and two. 18 The children of Adonikam, six hundred threescore and seven. 19 The children of Bigvai, two thousand threescore and seven. 20 The children of Adin, six hundred fifty and five. 21 The children of Ater of Hezekiah, ninety and eight. 22 The children of Hashum, three hundred twenty and eight. 23 The children of Bezai, three hundred twenty and four. 24 The children of Hariph, an hundred and twelve. 25 The children of Gibeon, ninety and five. 26 The men of Bethlehem and Netophah, an hundred fourscore and eight. 27 The men of Anathoth, an hundred twenty and eight. 28 The men of Beth-azmaveth, forty and two. 29 The men of Kirjath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth, seven hundred forty and three. 30 The men of Ramah and Gaba, six hundred twenty and one. 31 The men of Michmas, an hundred and twenty and two. 32 The men of Bethel and Ai, an hundred twenty and three. 33 The men of the other Nebo, fifty and two. 34 The children of the other Elam, a thousand two hundred fifty and four. 35 The children of Harim, three hundred and twenty. 36 The children of Jericho, three hundred forty and five. 37 The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono, seven hundred twenty and one. 38 The children of Senaah, three thousand nine hundred and thirty. 39 The priests: the children of Jedaiah, of the house of Jeshua, nine hundred seventy and three. 40 The children of Immer, a thousand fifty and two. 41 The children of Pashur, a thousand two hundred forty and seven. 42 The children of Harim, a thousand and seventeen. 43 The Levites: the children of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, and of the children of Hodevah, seventy and four. 44 The singers: the children of Asaph, an hundred forty and eight. 45 The porters: the children of Shallum, the children of Ater, the children of Talmon, the children of Akkub, the children of Hatita, the children of Shobai, an hundred thirty and eight. 46 The Nethinims: the children of Ziha, the children of Hashupha, the children of Tabbaoth, 47 The children of Keros, the children of Sia, the children of Padon, 48 The children of Lebana, the children of Hagaba, the children of Shalmai, 49 The children of Hanan, the children of Giddel, the children of Gahar, 50 The children of Reaiah, the children of Rezin, the children of Nekoda, 51 The children of Gazzam, the children of Uzza, the children of Phaseah, 52 The children of Besai, the children of Meunim, the children of Nephishesim, 53 The children of Bakbuk, the children of Hakupha, the children of Harhur, 54 The children of Bazlith, the children of Mehida, the children of Harsha, 55 The children of Barkos, the children of Sisera, the children of Tamah, 56 The children of Neziah, the children of Hatipha. 57 The children of Solomon's servants: the children of Sotai, the children of Sophereth, the children of Perida, 58 The children of Jaala, the children of Darkon, the children of Giddel, 59 The children of Shephatiah, the children of Hattil, the children of Pochereth of Zebaim, the children of Amon. 60 All the Nethinims, and the children of Solomon's servants, were three hundred ninety and two. 61 And these were they which went up also from Telmelah, Telharesha, Cherub, Addon, and Immer: but they could not shew their father's house, nor their seed, whether they were of Israel. 62 The children of Delaiah, the children of Tobiah, the children of Nekoda, six hundred forty and two. 63 And of the priests: the children of Habaiah, the children of Koz, the children of Barzillai, which took one of the daughters of Barzillai the Gileadite to wife, and was called after their name. 64 These sought their register among those that were reckoned by genealogy, but it was not found: therefore were they, as polluted, put from the priesthood. 65 And the Tirshatha said unto them, that they should not eat of the most holy things, till there stood up a priest with Urim and Thummim. 66 The whole congregation together was forty and two thousand three hundred and threescore, 67 Beside their manservants and their maidservants, of whom there were seven thousand three hundred thirty and seven: and they had two hundred forty and five singing men and singing women. 68 Their horses, seven hundred thirty and six: their mules, two hundred forty and five: 69 Their camels, four hundred thirty and five: six thousand seven hundred and twenty asses. 70 And some of the chief of the fathers gave unto the work. The Tirshatha gave to the treasure a thousand drams of gold, fifty basons, five hundred and thirty priests' garments. 71 And some of the chief of the fathers gave to the treasure of the work twenty thousand drams of gold, and two thousand and two hundred pounds of silver. 72 And that which the rest of the people gave was twenty thousand drams of gold, and two thousand pounds of silver, and threescore and seven priests' garments. 73 So the priests, and the Levites, and the porters, and the singers, and some of the people, and the Nethinims, and all Israel, dwelt in their cities; and when the seventh month came, the children of Israel were in their cities.
在上一课,我们看到城墙的修筑只剩下安门扇的时候,敌人参巴拉(Sanballat)、多比雅(Tobiah)、阿拉伯人基善(Geshem the Arabian)设下阴谋,传出谣言,说尼希米要在犹大地称王,目的是迫使尼希米出来澄清,然后在会面的地点把他杀害。尼希米有敏锐的属灵眼光,看出这些敌人的阴谋诡计,没有中计。城墙终于完工,共修了五十二天。“1城墙修完,我安了门扇,守门的、歌唱的和利未人都已派定。2我就派我的弟兄哈拿尼(Hanani)和营楼的宰官哈拿尼雅(Hananiah)管理耶路撒冷。因为哈拿尼雅(Hananiah)是忠信的,又敬畏上帝过于众人。3我吩咐他们说:‘等到太阳上升,才可开耶路撒冷的城门;人尚看守的时候,就要关门上闩。也当派耶路撒冷的居民各按班次,看守自己房屋对面之处。’4城是广大,其中的民却稀少,房屋还没有建造。5我的上帝感动我心,招聚贵冑(nobles)、官长(rulers)和百姓,要照家谱计算。我找着第一次上来之人的家谱。。”
虽然修筑城墙已经完工,但尼希米并不急于行奉献之礼。我们要等到第十二章 27-43 才看到奉献礼的进行。尼希米在这段时间做什么呢?
A。部署城门的安全防卫措施(尼七:1-3);
B。照归回的名单,登记耶路撒冷的居民(尼七:4-69);
C。奉献圣殿财物的记录(尼七:70-72);
D。尼希米和以斯拉配搭,以律法更新众民的信仰生活,包括宣读律法书,认罪悔改,重新立约(尼八 - 十章);
E。安家落户 - 为百姓掣签,每十人中使一人来住在圣城耶路撒冷,那九人住在别的城邑。(尼十一章)
F。祭司和利未家族的记录;照着大卫所定的例,派定圣殿供职的班次。(尼十二:1-26)
“1城墙修完,我安了门扇,守门的、歌唱的和利未人都已派定。” -- 这里“守门的”指的不是圣殿的门,而是城墙的门。至于“歌唱的和利未人”指的应该是为了以后行奉献之礼而派定的,不是为圣殿供职的人。“2我就派我的弟兄哈拿尼(Hanani)和营楼的宰官哈拿尼雅(Hananiah)管理耶路撒冷。因为哈拿尼雅(Hananiah)是忠信的,又敬畏上帝过于众人。3我吩咐他们说:‘等到太阳上升,才可开耶路撒冷的城门;人尚看守的时候,就要关门上闩。也当派耶路撒冷的居民各按班次,看守自己房屋对面之处。’” -- 这个“哈拿尼”就是尼一:2 “那时,有我一个弟兄哈拿尼,同着几个人从犹大来。我问他们那些被掳归回剩下逃脱的犹大人和耶路撒冷的光景。”我在第四课说:
“。。一般圣经学者认为他是尼希米的亲弟弟。。。虽然他是尼希米的弟兄,但尼希米还派另一位“忠信的,又敬畏上帝过于众人”的“哈拿尼雅”一同管理耶路撒冷,以免别人说他用人有偏私。”
但也有圣经学者认为“哈拿尼”和“哈拿尼雅”是同一个人。“和”应该作“就是”解。不管是同一个人还是两个人,重要的是,尼希米分派工作不是看关系,而是看那个人是否忠信和敬畏上帝。
尼希米非常看重保安的工作,所以他亲自吩咐/下令(动词是加强式语气)他们怎样做:
“等到太阳上升,才可开耶路撒冷的城门;人尚看守的时候,就要关门上闩。也当派耶路撒冷的居民各按班次,看守自己房屋对面之处。” --
《新译本》的翻译是:“日上中天时,耶路撒冷的城门也不可长久敞开;太阳还停着未落,守门的人站岗的时候,也要关好门、上好闩,要派耶路撒冷的居民站岗,一些人在哨岗,另一些人在自己的屋前了望。”
KJV 的翻译是:Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun be hot; and while they stand by, let them shut the doors, and bar them: and appoint watches of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, every one in his watch, and every one to be over against his house.
NSV 的翻译是:Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot. And while they are still standing guard, let them shut and bar the doors. Appoint guards from among the inhabitants of Jerusalem, some at their guard posts and some in front of their own homes.
所以,这里的“等到太阳上升”不是指早晨,原文是指“日上中天,酷热的时候”。那时守门的人可能懈怠午睡而放松警戒,所以城门不可长久敞开。
尼希米命令居民各按班次,看守自己房屋对面之处,因为有的修造靠近自己房屋的城墙,在人手不足的时候,他们的参与看守能加强耶路撒冷的防卫保安措施。
“4城是广大,其中的民却稀少,房屋还没有建造。5我的上帝感动我心,招聚贵冑(nobles)、官长(rulers)和百姓,要照家谱计算。” -- 民却稀少的问题不是突然发生的,由于过去城墙毁坏,居住在耶路撒冷会没有安全感,所以尼一:3 说:“。。那些被掳归回剩下的人在犹大省遭大难,受凌辱;并且耶路撒冷的城墙拆毁,城门被火焚烧。”现在城墙修筑完毕,上帝感动尼希米的心,要重新分配人口,把一些居住在外地的人搬迁进城,建造房屋,安家落户。在第十一章,我们看到尼希米为百姓“。。掣签,每十人中使一人来住在圣城耶路撒冷,那九人住在别的城邑。”但在掣签之前,他必须作个人口调查。
尼七:5 - 67 “。。要照家谱计算。我找着第一次上来之人的家谱,其上写着:6巴比伦王尼布甲尼撒(Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon)从前掳去犹大省的人,现在他们的子孙从被掳到之地回耶路撒冷和犹大,各归本城。7他们是同着所罗巴伯(Zerubbabel)、耶书亚(Jeshua)、尼希米(Nehemiah)、亚撒利雅(Azariah)、拉米(Raamiah)、拿哈玛尼(Nahamani)、末底改(Mordecai)、必珊(Bilshan)、米斯毘列(Mispereth)、比革瓦伊(Bigvai)、尼宏(Nehum)、巴拿(Baanah)回来的。8以色列人民的数目记在下面:巴录 (Parosh)的子孙二千一百七十二名。。。66会众共有四万二千三百六十名。67此外,还有他们的仆婢七千三百三十七名,又有歌唱的男女二百四十五名。”
这个人口调查是按照第一次上来之人的家谱,也就是跟随所罗巴伯和大祭司耶书亚归回耶路撒冷的人。我们在《以斯拉记》第二章已经查考了。现在我把《以斯拉记》第十课的名单抄录在这里方便大家的查考:
A。名单首先列出的是回归的领袖,共十二人。
拉二:2
尼七:7
所罗巴伯(Zerubbabel)
虽然拉一:8,11 都说塞鲁士王从巴比伦庙里取出器皿,交给犹大的首领设巴萨(Sheshbazzar),由他带回耶路撒冷;拉五:14 说设巴萨是犹大省长,但名单上却没有他的名字。
所罗巴伯(Zerubbabel)
在《以斯拉记》之外,其他书卷提到所罗巴伯的还有尼七:7,十二:1,该一:1,12,14,二:2,4,21,23,亚四:6,7,9,10。他被称为撒拉铁的儿子,但代上三:19 却说他是毗大雅的儿子。按代上三:17-18,撒拉铁和毗大雅都是耶哥尼雅的儿子,耶哥尼雅就是犹大王约雅斤Jehoiachin 598-597BC,王下二十四:8。有学者认为撒拉铁于所罗巴伯出生前已经过世,他的兄弟毗大雅根据律法里的弟娶兄遗孀的律例(申二十五:5-10),娶了撒拉铁的遗孀后,生下所罗巴伯。但不管怎样,最重要的是所罗巴伯是大卫的后裔(太一:1-12)。
耶书亚(Jeshua)
又作约书亚(该一:1,亚三:1)。当耶和华借尼布甲尼撒的手掳掠犹大和耶路撒冷人的时候,他的父亲约萨答也被掳去(代上六:15)。耶书亚是在外邦继承父亲为大祭司。
耶书亚(Jeshua)
尼希米(Nehemiah)
不是《尼希米记》约100年后归回耶路撒冷的的尼希米(444BC)
尼希米(Nehemiah)
西莱雅(Seraiah)
即尼七:7的亚撒利雅
亚撒利雅(Azariah)
利来雅(Reelaiah)
即尼七:7的拉米
拉米(Raamiah)
拿哈玛尼(Nahamani)
末底改(Mordecai)
不是《以斯帖记》里以斯帖的养父末底改(斯二:5-6)
末底改(Mordecai)
必珊(Bilshan)
必珊(Bilshan)
米斯拔(Mizpar)
即尼七:7 的米斯毗列
米斯毗列(Mispereth)
比革瓦伊(Bigvai)
比革瓦伊(Bigvai)
利宏(Rehum)
即尼七:7 尼宏
尼宏(Nehum)
巴拿(Baanah)
巴拿(Baanah)
共 11人
共 12人
名字和人数的差异可能是抄写的错误,或 古抄本的文献评鉴的问题。
B。接着名单列出按家族(某某人之子孙)和按城邑(如伯利恒人)归回的人。
以斯拉记(第二章) |
尼希米记(第七章) |
||||
经文 |
家族/城邑 |
人数 |
经文 |
家族/城邑 |
人数 |
3 |
巴录的子孙(The children of Parosh) |
2172 |
8 |
巴录的子孙(The children of Parosh) |
2172 |
4 |
示法提雅的子孙(The children of Shephatiah) |
372 |
9 |
示法提雅的子孙(The children of Shephatiah) |
372 |
5 |
亚拉的子孙(The children of Arah) |
775 |
10 |
亚拉的子孙(The children of Arah) |
652 |
6 |
巴哈摩押的后裔(The children of Pahath-moab),就是耶书亚和约押的子孙(the children of Jeshua and Joab) |
2812 |
11 |
巴哈摩押的后裔,就是耶书亚和约押的子孙(The children of Pahath-moab, of the children of Jeshua and Joab) |
2818 |
7 |
以拦的子孙(The children of Elam) |
1254 |
12 |
以拦的子孙(The children of Elam) |
1254 |
8 |
萨土的子孙(The children of Zattu) |
945 |
13 |
萨土的子孙(The children of Zattu) |
845 |
9 |
萨改的子孙(The children of Zaccai) |
760 |
14 |
萨改的子孙(The children of Zaccai) |
760 |
10 |
巴尼的子孙(The children of Bani) |
642 |
15 |
宾内的子孙(The children of Binnui) |
648 |
11 |
比拜的子孙(The children of Bebai) |
623 |
16 |
比拜的子孙(The children of Bebai) |
628 |
12 |
押甲的子孙(The children of Azgad) |
1222 |
17 |
押甲的子孙(The children of Azgad) |
2322 |
13 |
亚多尼干的子孙(The children of Adonikam) |
666 |
18 |
亚多尼干的子孙(The children of Adonikam) |
667 |
14 |
比革瓦伊的子孙(The children of Bigvai) |
2056 |
19 |
比革瓦伊的子孙(The children of Bigvai) |
2067 |
15 |
亚丁的子孙(The children of Adin) |
454 |
20 |
亚丁的子孙(The children of Adin) |
655 |
16 |
亚特的后裔,就是希西家的子孙(The children of Ater of Hezekiah) |
98 |
21 |
亚特的后裔,就是希西家的子孙(The children of Ater of Hezekiah) |
98 |
17 |
比赛的子孙(The children of Bezai) |
323 |
23 |
比赛的子孙(The children of Bezai) |
324 |
18 |
约拉的子孙(The children of Jorah) |
112 |
24 |
哈拉的子孙(The children of Hariph) |
112 |
19 |
哈顺的子孙(The children of Hashum) |
223 |
22 |
哈顺的子孙(The children of Hashum) |
328 |
20 |
吉罢珥人(The children of Gibbar) |
95 |
25 |
基遍人(The children of Gibeon)(?) |
95 |
21 |
伯利恒人(The children of Bethlehem) |
123 |
26 |
伯利恒人和尼陀法人(The men of Bethlehem and Netophah) |
188 |
22 |
尼陀法人(The men of Netophah) |
56 |
|||
23 |
亚拿突人(The men of Anathoth) |
128 |
27 |
亚拿突人(The men of Anathoth) |
128 |
24 |
亚斯玛弗人(The children of Azmaveth) |
42 |
28 |
伯亚斯玛弗人(The men of Beth-azmaveth) |
42 |
25 |
基列耶琳人、基非拉人、比录人(The children of Kirjath-arim, Chephirah, and Beeroth) |
743 |
29 |
基列耶琳人、基非拉人、比录人(The men of Kirjath-jearim, Chephirah, and Beeroth) |
743 |
26 |
拉玛人、迦巴人(The children of Ramah and Gaba) |
621 |
30 |
拉玛人和迦巴人(The men of Ramah and Gaba) |
620 |
27 |
默玛人(The men of Michmas) |
122 |
31 |
默玛人(The men of Michmas) |
122 |
28 |
伯特利人、艾人(The men of Bethel and Ai) |
223 |
32 |
伯特利人和艾人(The men of Bethel and Ai) |
123 |
29 |
尼波人(The children of Nebo) |
52 |
33 |
别的尼波人(The men of the other Nebo) |
52 |
30 |
末必人(The children of Magbish) |
156 |
|||
31 |
别的以拦(The children of the other Elam) |
1254 |
34 |
别的以拦子孙(The children of the other Elam) |
1254 |
32 |
哈琳的子孙(The children of Harim) |
320 |
35 |
哈琳的子孙(The children of Harim) |
320 |
33 |
罗德人、哈第人、阿挪人(The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono) |
725 |
37 |
罗德人、哈第人、阿挪人(The children of Lod, Hadid, and Ono) |
721 |
34 |
耶利哥人(The children of Jericho) |
345 |
36 |
耶利哥人(The children of Jericho) |
345 |
35 |
西拿人(The children of Senaah) |
3630 |
38 |
西拿人(The children of Senaah) |
3930 |
共 24144 |
共 25405 |
||||
C。祭司和他们的子孙
《以斯拉记》第二章 |
《尼希米记》第七章 |
||||
经节 |
祭司 |
人数 |
经节 |
祭司 |
人数 |
36 |
耶书亚家耶大雅的子孙(the children of Jedaiah, of the house of Jeshua) |
973 |
39 |
耶书亚家,耶大雅的子孙(the children of Jedaiah, of the house of Jeshua) |
973 |
37 |
音麦的子孙(The children of Immer) |
1052 |
40 |
音麦的子孙(The children of Immer) |
1052 |
38 |
巴施户珥的子孙(The children of Pashur) |
1247 |
41 |
巴施户珥的子孙(The children of Pashur) |
1247 |
39 |
哈琳的子孙(The children of Harim) |
1017 |
42 |
哈琳的子孙(The children of Harim) |
1017 |
共 4289 |
共 4289 |
||||
两份名单完全吻合 |
|||||
D。利未人的子孙(歌唱的亚萨的子孙和守门的人都是利未人)
《以斯拉记》第二章 |
《尼希米记》第七章 |
||||
经节 |
利未人 |
人数 |
经节 |
利未人 |
人数 |
40 |
何达威雅的后裔,就是耶书亚和甲篾的子孙(the children of Jeshua and Kadmiel, of the children of Hodaviah) |
74 |
43 |
何达威的后裔,就是耶书亚和甲篾的子孙(the children of Jeshua, of Kadmiel, and of the children of Hodevah) |
74 |
歌唱的 |
歌唱的 |
||||
41 |
亚萨的子孙(the children of Asaph) |
128 |
44 |
亚萨的子孙(the children of Asaph) |
148 |
守门的 |
守门的 |
||||
42 |
沙龙的子孙(the children of Shallum)、亚特的子孙(the children of Ater)、达们的子孙(the children of Talmon)、亚谷的子孙(the children of Akkub)、哈底大的子孙(the children of Hatita)、朔拜的子孙(the children of Shobai) |
139 |
45 |
沙龙的子孙(the children of Shallum)、亚特的子孙(the children of Ater)、达们的子孙(the children of Talmon)、亚谷的子孙(the children of Akkub)、哈底大的子孙(the children of Hatita)、朔拜的子孙(the children of Shobai) |
138 |
共 341 |
共 360 |
||||
两份名单的数字有差异 |
E。尼提宁(Nethinims)(注:就是"殿役")的子孙
《以斯拉记》第二章 |
《尼希米记》第七章 |
||||
经节 |
尼提宁 |
人数 |
经节 |
尼提宁 |
人数 |
43 |
西哈的子孙(the children of Ziha)、哈苏巴的子孙(the children of Hasupha)、答巴俄的子孙(the children of Tabbaoth) |
46 |
西哈的子孙(the children of Ziha)、哈苏巴的子孙(the children of Hashupha)、答巴俄的子孙(the children of Tabbaoth) |
||
44 |
基绿的子孙(The children of Keros)、西亚的子孙(the children of Siaha)、巴顿的子孙(the children of Padon) |
47 |
基绿的子孙(The children of Keros)、西亚的子孙(the children of Sia)、巴顿的子孙(the children of Padon) |
||
45 |
利巴拿的子孙(he children of Lebanah)、哈迦巴的子孙(the children of Hagabah)、亚谷的子孙(the children of Akkub) |
48 |
利巴拿的子孙(The children of Lebana)、哈迦巴的子孙(the children of Hagaba)、 |
||
46 |
哈甲的子孙(The children of Hagab)、萨买的子孙(the children of Shalmai)、哈难的子孙(the children of Hanan) |
48,49 |
萨买的子孙(the children of Shalmai) 、哈难的子孙(The children of Hanan) |
||
47 |
吉德的子孙(The children of Giddel)、迦哈的子孙(the children of Gahar)、利亚雅的子孙(the children of Reaiah) |
49,50 |
吉德的子孙(the children of Giddel)、迦哈的子孙(the children of Gahar)、利亚雅的子孙(The children of Reaiah) |
||
48 |
利汛的子孙(The children of Rezin)、尼哥大的子孙(the children of Nekoda)、迦散的子孙(the children of Gazzam) |
50,51 |
利汛的子孙(the children of Rezin)、尼哥大的子孙(the children of Nekoda)、迦散的子孙(The children of Gazzam) |
||
49 |
乌撒的子孙(The children of Uzza)、巴西亚的子孙(The children of Paseah)、比赛的子孙(the children of Besai) |
51,52 |
乌撒的子孙(the children of Uzza)、巴西亚的子孙(the children of Phaseah)、比赛的子孙(The children of Besai) |
||
50 |
押拿的子孙(The children of Asnah)、米乌宁的子孙(the children of Mehunim)、尼普心的子孙(the children of Nephusim) |
52 |
米乌宁的子孙(the children of Meunim)、尼普心的子孙(the children of Nephishesim) |
||
51 |
巴卜的子孙(The children of Bakbuk)、哈古巴的子孙(the children of Hakupha)、哈忽的子孙(the children of Harhur,) |
53 |
巴卜的子孙(The children of Bakbuk)、哈古巴的子孙(the children of Hakupha)、哈忽的子孙(the children of Harhur) |
||
52 |
巴洗律的子孙(The children of Bazluth)、米希大的子孙(the children of Mehida)、哈沙的子孙(the children of Harsha) |
54 |
巴洗律的子孙(The children of Bazlith)、米希大的子孙(the children of Mehida)、哈沙的子孙(the children of Harsha) |
||
53 |
巴柯的子孙(The children of Barkos)、西西拉的子孙(the children of Sisera)、答玛的子孙(the children of Thamah) |
55 |
巴柯的子孙(The children of Barkos)、西西拉的子孙(the children of Sisera)、答玛的子孙(the children of Tamah) |
||
54 |
尼细亚的子孙(The children of Neziah)、哈提法的子孙(the children of Hatipha) |
56 |
尼细亚的子孙(The children of Neziah)、哈提法的子孙(the children of Hatipha) |
||
《以斯拉记》的名单多了三个家族的子孙(以红字表示) |
|||||
人数:参下段“所罗门仆人 的后裔” |
F。所罗门仆人的后裔(王上九章记载所罗门挑取许多外邦的俘虏作服苦的奴仆建造圣殿和自己的宫殿 - 王上九:1,15-22)
《以斯拉记》第二章 |
《尼希米记》第七章 |
||||
经节 |
所罗门仆人的后裔 |
人数 |
经节 |
所罗门仆人的后裔 |
人数 |
55 |
琐太的子孙(the children of Sotai)、琐斐列的子孙(the children of Sophereth)、比路大的子孙(the children of Perida) |
57 |
琐太的子孙(the children of Sotai)、琐斐列的子孙(the children of Sophereth)、比路大的子孙(the children of Perida) |
||
56 |
雅拉的子孙(The children of Jaalah)、达昆的子孙(the children of Darkon)、吉德的子孙(the children of Giddel) |
58 |
雅拉的子孙(The children of Jaala)、达昆的子孙(the children of Darkon)、吉德的子孙(the children of Giddel) |
||
57 |
示法提雅的子孙 (The children of Shephatiah)、哈替的子孙(the children of Hattil)、玻黑列哈斯巴音的子孙(the children of Pochereth of Zebaim)、亚米的子孙(the children of Ami) |
59 |
示法提雅的子孙(The children of Shephatiah)、哈替的子孙(the children of Hattil)、玻黑列哈斯巴音的子孙(the children of Pochereth of Zebaim)、亚们的子孙(the children of Amon) |
||
58 |
尼提宁(Nethinims)和所罗门仆人的后裔 (the children of Solomon's servants)共三百九十二名 |
尼提宁(Nethinims)和所罗门仆人的后裔 (the children of Solomon's servants)共三百九十二名 |
60 |
尼提宁(Nethinims)和所罗门仆人的后裔(the children of Solomon's servants)共三百九十二名 |
尼提宁(Nethinims)和所罗门仆人的后裔 (the children of Solomon's servants)共三百九十二名 |
两份名单完全吻合 |
|||||
G。不明族谱的 (有两种人:一种是“不能指明他们的宗族谱系是以色列人不是”;一种是在族谱里找不到名字的祭司,“因此他们算为不洁净,不能作祭司。”)
《以斯拉记》第二章 |
《尼希米记》第七章 |
||||
经节 |
不明族谱的 |
人数 |
经节 |
不明族谱的 |
人数 |
60 |
第来雅的子孙(The children of Delaiah)、多比雅的子孙(the children of Tobiah)、尼哥大的子孙(the children of Nekoda) |
652 |
62 |
第莱雅的子孙(The children of Delaiah)、多比雅的子孙(the children of Tobiah)、尼哥大的子孙(the children of Nekoda) |
642 |
两份名单的数字有差异 |
比较这两份名单,属于第一种“不能指明他们的宗族谱系是以色列人不是”,《以斯拉记》里有 652 人 ,《尼希米记》则有 642 人。
尼七:66 - 73 “会众共有四万二千三百六十名。67此外,还有他们的仆婢七千三百三十七名,又有歌唱的男女二百四十五名。68他们有马七百三十六匹,骡子二百四十五匹,69骆驼四百三十五只,驴六千七百二十匹。70有些族长为工程捐助。省长 (Tirshatha)捐入库中的金子一千达利克,碗五十个,祭司的礼服五百三十件。71又有族长(the chief of the fathers)捐入工程库的金子二万达利克,银子二千二百弥拿。72其余百姓所捐的金子二万达利克,银子二千弥拿,祭司的礼服六十七件。73于是,祭司、利未人、守门的、歌唱的、民中的一些人、尼提宁,并以色列众人,各住在自己的城里。”
H。总人数和奉献圣殿财物的记录。
《以斯拉记》第二章 |
《尼希米记》第七章 |
|||||
经节 |
数字 |
经节 |
数字 |
|||
64 |
会众 |
42360 |
66 |
会众 |
42360(5至65节的总人数是31089;其他的应该是妇人的数目) |
|
65 |
仆婢 |
7337 |
67 |
仆婢 |
7337 |
|
歌唱的男女 |
200 |
歌唱的男女 |
345 |
|||
66 |
马(horses) |
736 匹 |
68 |
马 |
736 匹 |
|
骡子(mules) |
245 匹 |
骡子 |
245 匹 |
|||
67 |
骆驼(camels) |
435 只 |
骆驼 |
435 只 |
||
驴(asses) |
6720 匹 |
驴 |
6720 匹 |
|||
69 |
金子 |
六万一千达利克(darics,drams) |
||||
银子 |
五千弥拿(minas,pound) |
|||||
祭司的礼服 |
一百件 |
|||||
70 |
省长捐入库中的金子一千达利克,碗五十个,祭司的礼服五百三十件 |
金子共 41000 达利克: |
||||
71 |
族长捐入工程库的金子二万达利克,银子二千二百弥拿 |
|||||
72 |
其余百姓所捐的金子二万达利克,银子二千弥拿,祭司的礼服六十七件 |
|||||
金子 一达利克(darics)= 约重 8.4克 银子 一弥拿(minas 或 siglos) = 约重 5.3 克 金子 一达利克(darics)= 20 银子 siglos 《新译本》把一公斤金子等同 122 达利克(darics) 一公斤银子等同约 1.79 弥拿(minas) |
||||||
金币 一达利克(darics) |
银币 一弥拿(siglos) |
“73于是,祭司、利未人、守门的、歌唱的、民中的一些人、尼提宁,并以色列众人,各住在自己的城里。” -- 这是指第一次被掳归回的犹太人,他们终于回到自己的故乡。
有了以上这份名单,尼希米就可以根据家谱,登记当时耶路撒冷的居民,分派工作。但由于尼希米没有记录以斯拉的第二次归回的名单(可能名单在以斯拉的手中),再加上从第一次归回(主前
538/537年),到现在主前 444年,已经隔了约 94年,我们实在不知道尼希米时代的总人数有多少。不过这不会影响我们查考以后的经文。
我们从这一课对尼希米有什么新的认识?
从第八章开始,我们看到以斯拉重新上场。他与尼希米配搭,开始另一次以律法更新犹太人的信仰生活。
我们下一课再见。
有人这么说:圣经里满纸都是人的名字,如历代志上,从一至九章都是家谱,而十一、十二、十五、廿三至廿七共八章,都是名单。有人甚至计算过,全书十九章里,有五分之三是人名。新约罗马书第十六章也是,保罗列出的人名共有 35个!
圣经是神所默示的,可见在神的眼中,人的名字非常重要。有的名字是美名,流传千古;有的名字是恶名,如本丢彼拉多,遗臭万年。
更重要的是,我们的名字一定要被记在上帝的生命册上。若名字不在生命册上会有什么后果?
启二十:12,15 我又看见死了的人,无论大小,都站在宝座前。案卷展开了,并且另有一卷展开,就是生命册。死了的人都凭着这些案卷所记载的,照他们所行的受审判。。。若有人名字没记在生命册上,他就被扔在火湖里。
启二十一:27 凡不洁净的,并那行可憎与虚谎之事的,总不得进那城;只有名字写在羔羊生命册上的才得进去。
你的名字在生命册上吗?
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